Iilori ze-UPS zezinye zezona zithuthi zaziwayo endleleni, kwaye iinjini zazo ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokusebenza kwazo. Uninzi lweelori ze-UPS zisebenza kumafutha edizili, nangona iinjini zepetroli zinika amandla inani elincinci leelori. Nangona kunjalo, i-UPS okwangoku ivavanya ilori entsha yombane, enokuthi ekugqibeleni ibe ngumgangatho wenkampani.
Abaninzi basebenzise ukuqhuba ilori ye-UPS njengelitye lokunyathela ukuze babe ngabaqhubi belori ezithatha ixesha elide. Kuqhelekile ukuba abo baqala imisebenzi yabo njengabaqhubi belori ze-UPS babe ngabaqhubi belori ezithatha ixesha elide. Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba kutheni oku kunokuba njalo, kodwa esona sizathu siqhelekileyo kukuba ukuqhuba ilori ye-UPS kunokubonelela ngamava kunye noqeqesho olufunekayo kwaye ingaba yindlela enhle yokufumana unyawo lwakho kumnyango weshishini lelori.
Iloli yombane ye-UPS inoluhlu lweemayile ezili-100 kwaye inokufikelela kwiikhilomitha ezingama-70 ngeyure, iyenza ifaneleke kakuhle kwiindlela zokuhambisa ezidolophini. Njengenxalenye yokuzibophelela kwayo ekunciphiseni impembelelo yayo yokusingqongileyo, i-UPS iceba ukuhambisa iilori zombane ezininzi kwiminyaka ezayo. Njengoko itekhnoloji yebhetri iphucuka, siya kubona nangakumbi iilori ze-UPS zombane endleleni.
Iinjini ezithembekileyo nezisebenzayo zibalulekile kwimisebenzi ye-UPS. Abaqhubi be-UPS benza izigidi zokuhambisa yonke imihla, kwaye iilori kufuneka zikwazi ukujongana neemfuno zeendlela zabo. Ngelixa ii-injini zepetroli zibonakalise ukuba zilungele umsebenzi, i-UPS ihlala ijonge iindlela zokuphucula iinqanawa zayo. Ilori yombane linyathelo eliya kwicala elililo, kwaye kusenokwenzeka ukuba sibona iilori ezininzi ze-UPS ziqhuba umbane.
I-UPS ayikuphela kwenkampani evavanya iilori zombane. UTesla, uDaimler, kunye nabanye basebenza ekuphuhliseni olu hlobo lwesithuthi. Nge-UPS ehamba phambili, iilori zombane zinokuba ngumgangatho omtsha weshishini lokuhambisa.
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Ngaba iilori ze-UPS zine-LS Motors?
Kangangeminyaka emininzi, iilori ze-UPS zazinikwa amandla ziinjini zeDetroit Diesel. Nangona kunjalo, inkampani isandula ukuqalisa ukutshintshela kwiimoto ezineenjini ze-LS. Iinjini ze-LS luhlobo lwenjini eyilwe kwaye yenziwa nguGeneral Motors. Baziwa ngamandla abo aphezulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwaye bahlala besetyenziswa kwiimoto zokusebenza. Nangona kunjalo, zikulungele kakuhle ukusetyenziswa kwiimoto zorhwebo ezifana neelori ze-UPS. Ukutshintshela kwiinjini ze-LS yinxalenye yeenzame eziqhubekayo ze-UPS zokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo kunye nokuphucula uqoqosho lwamafutha. Inkampani ikwavavanya iilori zombane, ezinokuthi ekugqibeleni zithathe indawo yeenqwelo zedizili ze-UPS.
Ngaba iilori ze-UPS yigesi okanye idizili?
Uninzi lweelori ze-UPS zisebenza ngedizili. Kwi-2017, i-UPS yamemezela ukuba iya kuqalisa ukuvavanya iinqwelo zombane zombane eziveliswe ngu-Workhorse, kunye noluhlu lweekhilomitha ezili-100 ngentlawulo enye. Nangona kunjalo, ukusukela ngo-2019, i-UPS kufuneka isazibophelele ekutshintsheni kuzo zonke iinqwelo zombane.
Iinjini ze-diesel zisebenza kakuhle kuneenjini zegesi, zivelisa ukukhutshwa okumbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, zinokubiza ngakumbi ukuzigcina. Izithuthi zombane zingabizi kakhulu ukusebenza kunye nokugcina kunezithuthi zedizili okanye zepetroli, kodwa zinemiba emifutshane kwaye zifuna ixesha elide lokutshaja. I-UPS ibambelele kwiilori zedizili kwiinqwelo zayo eziphambili.
Yintoni i-injini ye-Diesel enika amandla iilori ze-UPS?
Iilori ze-UPS zisebenzisa iinjini ezahlukeneyo zedizili ngokuxhomekeke kwimodeli yesithuthi. I-injini ye-Cummins ISB 6.7L yeyona nto isetyenziswa rhoqo kwiilori ze-UPS, ebonwa kakuhle ngenxa yokuthembeka kwayo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamafutha. Ezinye iinjini ezisetyenziswa kwiilori ze-UPS ziquka i-Cummins ISL 9.0L injini kunye ne-injini ye-Volvo D11 7.2L, nganye inenzuzo ekhethekileyo kunye neengxaki. Abaqhubi belori ze-UPS kufuneka bakhethe injini efanelekileyo kwiimfuno zabo ezithile.
Ngenxa yokuthembeka kwayo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamafutha, injini yeCummins ISB 6.7L lolona khetho ludumileyo kubaqhubi belori ze-UPS. Injini yeVolvo D11 7.2L nayo iyanqweneleka ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okugqwesileyo kunye nokuphila ixesha elide. Nangona kunjalo, ixabiso eliphezulu le-injini ye-Volvo D11 7.2L yenza ukuba ingasetyenziswa kakhulu kwiilori ze-UPS.
Ingakanani i-HP enayo ilori ye-UPS?
Ukuba ukhe wayibona i-zip yelori ye-UPS ejikeleze idolophu, usenokuba uyazibuza ukuba angakanani amandla ehashe athathayo ukuze isithuthi esikhulu sihambe. Iilori ze-UPS zinexabiso elincomekayo lamandla ehashe phantsi kwehood. Uninzi lweemodeli zinenjini yedizili eyisilinda ezintandathu evelisa amandla angama-260. Loo mandla aneleyo okwenza ilori inyuke iye kwisantya sendlela ngaphandle kwengxaki enkulu. Kwaye, kuba iilori ze-UPS zihlala zihambisa kwitrafikhi yedolophu, amandla ongezelelweyo ahlala exabiswa. Ngamandla angaka ehashe kwimpompo, ayimangalisi into yokuba iilori ze-UPS zezinye zezona zithuthi zisebenzayo zokuhambisa endleleni.
Zeziphi iilori ze-UPS eziXhaswa zi?
EUnited States, iilori zeUPS zigubungela ngaphezu kweemayile ezizigidi ezingama-96 yonke imihla. Ngumhlaba omninzi wokugubungela, kwaye kuthatha amandla amaninzi ukugcina ezo lori zisendleleni. Ke zithini iilori ze-UPS ezinikwa amandla? Iinjini zedizili zinika amandla uninzi lweelori ze-UPS.
Idizili luhlobo lwesibaso oluphuma kwioli ekrwada. Isebenza kakuhle kunepetroli kwaye ivelisa ungcoliseko oluncinane. I-UPS yayiyenye yeenkampani zokuqala ukutshintshela kwiimoto ezihamba nge-diesel, kwaye ngoku inenye yezona zithuthi zikhulu zehlabathi zezinye iimoto zamafutha. Ukongeza kwidizili, iilori ze-UPS zikwasebenzisa igesi yendalo ecinezelweyo (CNG), umbane, kunye nepropane. Ngezo nqwelo-moya ezohlukeneyo, i-UPS inokunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwayo kumafutha efosili kunye nokunciphisa ifuthe layo lokusingqongileyo. Kubalulekile ukuba usoloko ufuna umgangatho olungileyo, ke soloko ujonga ii-specs zelori ze-UPS kwangaphambili.
Ingakanani iFuel esetyenziswa yi-UPS ngonyaka?
Njengenye yezona nkampani zibalaseleyo zokuhambisa iphakheji kwihlabathi liphela, i-UPS ihambisa i-19.5 yezigidi zeepakethi mihla le. Ngomthamo omkhulu kangaka wothutho, ayimangalisi into yokuba i-UPS ingumsebenzisi obalulekileyo wamafutha. Inkampani isebenzisa ngaphezulu kwe-3 yeebhiliyoni zeelitha zamafutha ngonyaka. Nangona oku kubonisa impembelelo ebalulekileyo yokusingqongileyo, i-UPS isebenzela ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwamafutha. Inkampani ityale imali eninzi kwezinye iindawo zamafutha, njengezithuthi zombane kunye biodiesel.
I-UPS ikwaphumeze iindlela ezisebenzayo zokuhambisa kunye neendlela zokuhambisa ukunciphisa umgama. Ngenxa yezi nzame, ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha e-UPS kwehle phantse ngama-20% kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo. Ngemfuno yehlabathi yokuhanjiswa kwephakheji ekulindeleke ukuba iqhubeke nokunyuka, iinkampani ezifana ne-UPS kufuneka zifumane iindlela zokunciphisa impembelelo yazo yendalo. Ngokuqhubeka nokusungula izinto ezintsha kunye notyalo-mali kubuchwepheshe obuzinzileyo, i-UPS isebenzela ukuba yinkampani ezinzileyo kwikamva.
Ngubani owenza iilori ze-UPS?
Iilori zaseDaimler kuMntla Melika zenza iilori zohlobo lwe-UPS. I-DTNA yinkampani yeemoto yaseJamani iDaimler AG encedisayo, ekwavelisa Mercedes-Benz iimoto zabakhweli kunye nezithuthi zorhwebo zeFreightliner. I-DTNA inezityalo ezininzi zokuvelisa e-United States, kubandakanywa enye e-Portland, e-Oregon, apho zonke iilori ezinophawu lwe-UPS zidibene.
isiphelo
Iinjini zeelori ze-UPS zifikile kude ukusukela kwiintsuku zokuqala ze-UPS. I-UPS ngoku isebenzisa idizili, iCNG, umbane, kunye nepropane ukunika amandla iilori zayo zokuhambisa. I-UPS ityale imali kakhulu kwezinye iindawo zamafutha, njengezithuthi zombane kunye ne-biodiesel. Ngenxa yezi nzame, ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha e-UPS kwehle phantse ngama-20% kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo. Ngemfuno yehlabathi yokuhanjiswa kwephakheji ekulindeleke ukuba iqhubeke nokunyuka, iinkampani ezinjenge-UPS kufuneka zifumane iindlela zokunciphisa impembelelo yazo yendalo esingqongileyo. Ngokuqhubeka nokusungula izinto ezintsha kunye notyalo-mali kubuchwepheshe obuzinzileyo, i-UPS isebenzela ukuba yinkampani ezinzileyo kwikamva.
