Power take-off (PTO) ndi chida chamakina chomwe chimasamutsa injini kapena mphamvu zamagalimoto kuchokera ku zida zamafakitale kupita kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana. Ma PTO amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magalimoto ogulitsa kunyamula katundu, zopangira, ndi zinthu zomalizidwa. Amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri powonetsetsa kuti magalimotowa akuyenda bwino pamlingo waukulu.
Zamkatimu
Mphamvu ndi Kuchita Bwino kwa Injini Zagalimoto Zamalonda
Injini zamagalimoto zatsopano zamalonda zili ndi mphamvu zambiri, zomwe zimapereka mphamvu zokwanira 46% komanso magwiridwe antchito odalirika. Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa makina ndi makina ophunzirira, ma injiniwa amatha kukonza bwino mafuta pamayendedwe aliwonse amsewu kapena mtunda. Kuyika ndalama mu injini zamagalimoto aposachedwa kumabweretsa phindu lalikulu, chifukwa amapangidwa kuti apititse patsogolo magwiridwe antchito ndikuchepetsa mtengo wokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta.
Momwe PTOs Amagwirira Ntchito
Ma PTO amalumikizidwa ndi crankshaft ya injini yagalimoto ndikusamutsa mphamvu ya injini kudzera pa shaft yoyendetsa kupita kuzinthu zomwe zalumikizidwa. Ma PTO amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya injini kapena thirakitala kutembenuza mphamvu yozungulira kukhala mphamvu ya hydraulic, yomwe imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyendetsa zinthu zina monga mapampu, ma compressor, ndi sprayers. Makinawa amalumikizana ndi injini zamagalimoto kudzera pa crankshaft ndipo amayatsidwa ndi ma levers kapena switch.
Ubwino wa PTO Connection to Truck Engine
Kulumikizana kodalirika pakati pa PTO ndi injini ya galimotoyo kumapereka maubwino angapo, kuphatikiza kugwira ntchito kosavuta, kuchepetsedwa kwa phokoso, magwiridwe antchito odalirika oletsa kugwedezeka, kutumiza mphamvu moyenera, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta osavuta komanso opulumutsa.
Mitundu ya PTO Systems
Machitidwe angapo a PTO alipo, iliyonse ili ndi mawonekedwe apadera komanso zopindulitsa. Ena mwa mitunduyi ndi awa:
- Kugawanika shaft: Mtundu uwu wa PTO umagwiritsa ntchito gearbox yachiwiri yolumikizidwa ndi shaft yokhazikika, kulola dalaivala kuti agwiritse ntchito bwino mphamvu kuchokera ku ngodya iliyonse ndikuchita kapena kuchotsa PTO. Ndiwoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kangapo, makamaka ngati kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu komanso pafupipafupi kapena kuchotsedwa kwa PTO ndikofunikira.
- Sandwichi yogawanika shaft: Mtundu uwu wa shaft umakhala pakati pa kutumizira ndi injini ndipo ukhoza kuchotsedwa mosavuta kumbali zonse potulutsa mabawuti ochepa chabe. Ndi mphamvu yake yodalirika komanso yosasinthasintha yosinthira mphamvu, Sandwich Split Shaft yakhala dongosolo la PTO lokhazikika.
- Kukwera molunjika: Dongosololi limalola kufalitsa kusokoneza mphamvu ya injini kuchokera ku injini yapansi kupita ku pulogalamu yakunja. Imalola mapangidwe ang'onoang'ono, kusonkhana kosavuta ndi ntchito, kuchepetsedwa kwa magawo ndi ndalama zogwirira ntchito, njira yosavuta yokonza injini, komanso kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa clutch.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Magawo a PTO M'magalimoto Azamalonda
Magawo a PTO amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pamagalimoto amalonda pakuwongolera makina owombera, kukweza bedi lagalimoto yotayira, kugwiritsa ntchito winchi pa galimoto yokoka, kuyendetsa galimoto yotayira zinyalala, komanso kuyendetsa makina otungira madzi. Posankha PTO yolondola pazosowa zinazake, ndikofunikira kuganizira mtundu wa ntchito, kuchuluka kwa zida zofunika, kuchuluka kwa katundu wopangidwa, zofunikira zilizonse zapadera, ndi zotuluka za torque ya dongosolo.
Kutsiliza
Ma PTO ndi ofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti magalimoto ogulitsa akuyenda bwino komanso moyenera. Kumvetsetsa mitundu ya machitidwe a PTO omwe alipo ndi ntchito zawo kungathandize kusankha PTO yoyenera pa zosowa zenizeni.
Sources:
- https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/power-take-off-PTO
- https://www.autocarpro.in/news-international/bosch-and-weichai-power-increase-efficiency-of-truck-diesel-engines-to-50-percent-67198
- https://www.kozmaksan.net/sandwich-type-power-take-off-dtb-13
- https://www.munciepower.com/company/blog_detail/direct_vs_remote_mounting_a_hydraulic_pump_to_a_power_take_off#:~:text=In%20a%20direct%20mount%20the,match%20those%20of%20the%20pump.
- https://wasteadvantagemag.com/finding-the-best-pto-to-fit-your-needs/
